Braking system for vehicles



April 26, 1938.

R. ROURKE BRAKING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES Filed March 20, 1957 Q Q @Q I Q1 7 5' 3 L l R I II- v l- 1' I 2 Q D Q .I, w" L s N i Q R Raymond RourY/e April 26, 1938. R. ROURKE 2,115,215

BRAKING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES Filed March 20, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 X c I a w Hay/wand fiourze April 26, 1938.

I R.ROURKE.

BRAKING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES 5 SheetS -S heet 3 Filed March 20, 1937 Raymond fioarl e w m. m H M w Q NM 11+ n\ mm \A\ y z A -WHHJHHIHHH mx, I a 3 %h n w N m 7 m. G w

Patented Apr. 26, 1938 1 2,115,215

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFifiE' BRAKING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES Raymond Bourke, Portagevi lle 'N. Y. Application March 20, 1937, Serial N0. 132,161

12 Claims. (Cl. 192-13) 7 This invention relates to a braking system for Figure 1 is a fragmentary view partly in top a vehicle and more particularly a hydraulic sysplan and partly in section and of somewhat a tem, and it is primarily an object of the invendiagrammatic character illustrating the features tion to provide a novel and improved construcof a braking system comprising my invention;

tion permitting either a brake pedal or a clutch Figure 2 is a fragmentary view in side eleva- 5 pedal to be independently operated to apply the tion of the structure as illustrated in Figure 1; brakes without transmitting motion to the other Figure 3 v is a view similar .to Figure l illuspedal, and it is a more specific object to permit trating another embodiment of my invention; the clutch pedal to serve under certain condi- Figure 4 is a fragmentary view partly in sections as a supplemental brake pedal.. tion and partly in elevation illustrating another 10' It is also an object of the invention to provide embodiment of my invention and particularly a brake system of this kindwith means to brake as pertains to an expansion shield for lubricant; a car and particularly to hold the car on an Figure 5 is aview similar to Figure 1 illustratup-grade and in a manner to leave free a foot ing a still further embodiment of my invention;

of the operator to step on the gas. a a Figure 6 is a detailed sectional view taken sub- 15 Another object of the invention is to provide stantially on the line 6-6 of Figure 5; 7 means whereby the operating parts of my im- Figure 7 is a view partly in section and part1 proved structure may be effectively lubricated. in elevation and also of somewhat a dia a It often occurs when a vehicle is stopped, as matic character illustrating an additional emfor example by a traflic signal it will not stand bodiment of the invention; a 20 still and it is necessary to apply the service brake Fi ure 8 is a sectional view aken on the line or the emergency brake in order to hold the ve- 88 of Figure '7. hicle from moving. To get the vehicle started In the inventionas particularlyillustrated in again it is necessary to release the brake andv in Figures 1 and 2, M denotes a master cylinder either operation it is not easy to acceleratethe whichis comprised in a hydraulic system and 25 motor and release the brake at the same time in whichoperates as is well known a pressure and more particularly when starting on an up piston P. The outer end portion of the piston grade. My present invention avoids these difii- P fo ed o provide an inwardly tapering culties and provides an efficient brake systemsocket l in which is received the outer end porwhich may be operated by the'left foot and thus tion of the piston rod' 2. The outer extremity 30 leave free the right foot to control the motor. Of this rod 2 s o ed to p v a Spherical When parking a vehicle or moving a vehicle tip or bearing} and the inner end portion of the out of a parking station, it is generally necessary Socket s correspondingly formed 50 that to move back and forth several times and by ited universal swinging movement of the rod 2 the present invention under such circumstances with respect to the piston P is permitted to com- 35 the brake and clutch both are operated by the pensate or such side sway as m occur- The clutch pedal thus freeing the right foot to conn er en 'p 0f th d 2 t eads W th trol the motor and making it unnecessary to and closes an end portion of a cylinder or bore 5 shift the foot from the accelerator to the brake p d in a l ck Thisblock 5 s e 0 D so at the end of each run, thus making it much Vided with a second bore or cylinder 5' which is 40 easier to move a vehicle. parallel to the bore or cylinder 5. Snugly'engag- The invention consists in the details of coning within the bore or cylinder 5 for rectilinear struction and in the combination and arrangemovement i a p rod 7 f a l h to hav n ment of the several parts of my improved brakend portion at all times extending beyond the ing system for a vehicle whereby certain imblock or body 6 or more particularly the bore or 45 portant advantages are attained and the device Cylinderi in W c it Operates- The 0111561 P rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise t o of t push rod 7 is operatively 001111965811 more convenient and advantageous for use, as p eferab y through a ball and Socket coupling 8 will be hereinafter more fully set forth. with the brake pedal B which is mounted and. The novel features of my invention will hereoperated n a conventional mannerp 50 1 inafter be definitely claimed. tively engaged within the second bore or cylinder In order that my invention may be the better- 5' is a push rod 1' of a length less than the length understood, I will now proceed to describe the of the rod 1 and which has an outer end portion same with reference to the accompanying draw operatively connected as by a universal joint 8 s5 ings, wherein:- with a clutch pedal C. The movement ofrthe clutch pedal C and the resultant clutch clearance is regulated by an adjusting screw 9 threading into the inn-er end portion of the bore or cylin-' and provides effective means to protect its asso-.

ciated push rod from dust and water.

Each of the rods 1 and 'l is provided along its periphery with spiral grooves or ducts I4 to accommodate grease forced into the bores or cylinders 5 and 5 to assure effective lubrication of the rods 1 and 1. This grease as it is forced through the ducts or grooves l4 also finds its way within the sleeves I l and the grease as contained within these sleeves provides for further effective lubrication of the push rods. v

Adjacent the inner end portions of the bores or cylinders .5 and 5 the block or body 6 is provided with a port I5 in communication with said bores or cylinders 5 and 5'. This port 15 has in communication therewith a fitting 16 whereby the grease as desired may be forced into the cylinders or bores 5 and 5 and along the grooves or ducts I4 into the sleevesll.

The master cylinder M asherein disclosed is provided with an extended annular flange H to which is secured an end portion of an expansible push rod 2.

sleeve l8, the opposite or outer end portion of which sleeve being effectively secured to a surrounding enlargement or adapter [9 carried by the push rod 2 at a point closely adjacent to the block or body 6. This sleeve I8 serves to provide eiiective protection to the piston P against foreign matter. v

, In this embodiment of my invention it is to be noted that the push rod l'has straight line'pressure connection with the piston push rod 2. It is also to be noted that the-push rods 1 and 'lfioat in the bores or cylinders 5 and 5 respectively and in practice these rods 1 and 1 are allowed to travel about five eighths of an inch lengthwise of the bores. 'or cylinders. This travel is calculated by the mounting of the master cylinder M from a braking pressure in the master cylinder, and the back position of the brake pedal B.

The forward movement of the brake pedal B will cause the push rod (to contact with the push rod 2 which is fast to the block or body 6. The

push rod l is free in its cylinder or bore 5 and will not float with the block or body 6 and the When the brake pedal is released it moves back to its normal position by the usual pedal return spring (not shown) and will drag the rod 1 with it. The block or body 6 together with the push rod 2 will not return until the wheel brake cylinders are relaxed and force the piston P in the master cylinder M to return.

The block or body 6 as herein disclosed is provided with a boss or extension 20 to which is engaged an end portion of a retractile spring 2i. This spring 2! is so mounted to normally imposepull upon theblock or body 6, the tension of the spring of course being increased when the block or 'body 6 is moved under the action of the pedal B; Y

As hereinbefore stated the travel of the clutch pedal C together with the clutch clearance is regulated by the screw!) and the push rod 1' is shorter in length than the push rod 1 to allow the clutch to be adjusted clear off before the push rod 1' operates to impose push on the piston P through the rod 2. When the pedal C is employed to make the brake system effective, the body or block 6 will readily move independently of the push rod 1 and without in any way effecting the pedal B. By this means it isto be readily understood that when required the clutch pedal C may beemployed to operate the brake system and particularly when it is desiredto holdnthe vehicle on an up-grade so that the other foot of the operator will be free to control the gas. I

In some makes of vehicles the distance between the master cylinder and the pedals is rather close. As illustrated in Figure 4, in order to work within this limited space the lock nut 22 for holding the rod 2 to the-block or member 6' also serves as anadapter to which is securely anchored an end portion of a sleeve 18, the opposite end portion of said sleeve being-anchored to the "outstanding flange ll 'ofthemaster cylinder. M. This nut 22 in its periphery ispro-vided with c'ir-j cumferentially spaced pockets or recesses 23 to allow for the use of a conventional spanner wrench in connection therewith.

;In the embodiment of my invention asparticularly illustrated in Figure 3, theblockor member 6 is providedwith the bores or' cylinders 5 and 5 in which operate the push rods I and l The extent of inward movement of the rods I and l in their respective bores or cylinders is regulated by the members 9 threading into the inner endsof the bores or cylinders 5 and 5 The push rod 2 for coaction-with the.

piston P of the master cylinder is anchored to the block or body B at'a' point midway of the bores or cylinders 5 and 5 The inner portions of these bores or cylinders 5 and 5 are also providedwith the plugged openings 24 which provide for the' desired application of the grease; Aside from these-structural changes justreferred to this embodiment of the invention operates in the same manner ashas hereinbefore been recited in connection with the invention as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. s 5

In the embodiment; of invention a's illus trated in'Figures 5 and 6'of the drawings, a single cylinder 25 is employed and in whichare snugly The inner end of the cylinder 25 is closed and threading through said closed, end 2'! is an end portion of a piston push rod 28 for'coaction with the piston 29 working in the master cylinder 30.

The end portion of the push rod 28 extending within the cylinder 25 is adapted to be contacted by the inserted end of either of the push-rods 26 and 26. The outer end portion of the cylin der 25 is provided in its wall with the opposed,

slots 3| through which extendthe outstanding,

pins 32 carried by the adjacent end portions 'of the rods 26 and zfif One of thesepins 32.has operative connected, as at 33, with abrake pedal B and the second of said pins has operative con nection, as at smmth a clutch pedal The operation of, this embodiment of my invention is upon the same principle as has hereinbefore been set forth with respect to the former embodi lock nut 4|.

ments, the only diiference being in its simpler construction.

- In Figure 7 is illustrated an embodiment of the invention wherein the rods 26 and 26' are continued by the shanks 35. These shanks 35 are round in cross section and extend through a head 36' of the Cylinder 25 A shank 35 is preferably provided by turning down an end portion of a strip of material from which a rod 26 or 26 is formed so that such shank and rod are inte-' grally connected with the shank at substantially the axial center of the rod. This'turning down of the material to provide a shank results in the preferably welded. The second head 38 of the cylinder 25 has engaged therewith the rod 39 for proper connection with the piston of the master cylinder while the shanks 35 are to be connected with the brake and clutch pedals. The device as illustrated in Figure '7 may be operated to cause the rods 26 and 26 to push against one head, as 38, of the cylinder 25 or to pull against the second hea d 36 of the cylinder. It is believed to be obvious that in this embodiment of my invention suitable provision may be made for lost motion in the clutch linkage for applying the brake.

Again referring to the invention as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, it is believed to be obvious that the head or adapter II] can be set on the rod 7 in such a position as to allow said head or adapter to contact with the adjacent end of the cylinder 5 on which said rod 1 operates and thus act as a stop for limiting the movement of the rod 1 with respect to the body or block 6. It is to be stated that the distance between the bearing 4 at the outer extremity of the rod 2 and the coupling or connection 8 can be adjusted or varled by screwing the rod 2 in or out of the block 6, said rod being efiectively held in its desired adjustment by a conventional block nut 40.

' In the embodiment of the invention in Figure 3, the rod 2 is also capable of 'endwise adjustment by threading into or out of the block 6 and being held in its selected adjustment by a While in the embodiment of the invention as illustrated in Figure 5, a similar endwise adjustment of the rod 28 may be had by threading the same into or out of the cylinder 25', said rod 28 being maintained in its desire I, adjustment by the locknut 42.

From the foregoing description it is thought to be obvious that a braking system for a vehicle constructed in accordance with my invention is particularly well adapted for use by reason of the convenience andfacility with which it may be assembled and operated, and it will also be obvious that my invention is susceptible of some change and modification without departing from the principles and spirit thereof and for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise arrangement and formation of the several parts herein shown in carrying out my invention in practice except as hereinafter claimed.

I claim:-

3.. In combination with the piston of the master cylinder of a hydraulic brake system for a vehicle together with the brake pedal and clutch pedal comprised in the transmission mechanism for the vehicle, a member, an operative connection betweensaid member and'the piston'of the master cylinder, floating rods carried by the member, one of said rodsbeing operatively connected to the brake pedal and the other of said rods being-operatively connected with the clutch pedal, the movement of either of said pedals in one direction coacting with the, member to move said member in a direction to make the piston efiective. v r 51 2. In combination with the piston of the master cylinder of a hydraulic brake system for a vehicle together with the brake pedal and clutch pedal comprised inthe transmission mechanism for the vehicle, amember, an operative connection between said member and the piston of the master cylinder, floating'rods carried'by the member,'one of said rods being operatively connected to the brake pedal and the other of said rods being operatively connected with the clutch pedal, the movement of either of said pedals in one direction coacting' withthe member to move said member'ina direction tomake the piston effective, the floating rod operatively engaged with the clutch pedal having limited independent movement before transmitting movement to the member. V s 5 3. In combination with a'vehicle having a hydraulic braking'system including a master cylinder having a piston working therein together with a brake pedal and a clutch pedal comprised in the transmission for the vehicle, a member, a push rod carried by said member for coaction with the piston of the master cylinder, and a pair of floating push rods carried by the member, the movement of said floating rods in one direction coacting with the member to move the member in a direction to impose push upon the piston, and means for connecting one of said floating push rodstothe brake pedal and means.

for operatively connecting the second floating push rod to the clutch pedal.

4. In combination with a vehicle having a hy-.

, acting with the member to move the member in a direction to impose push upon the piston, means for connecting one of said floating push rods to the brake pedal and means for operatively connecting the second floating push rod to the clutch pedal, the floating push rod operatively connected vnth the clutch pedal beingof a. length less than the length of the other floating push rod to allow declutching movement of the clutch pedal before imposing push upon the piston.

5. In combination with a vehicle having a hydraulic braking system including a master cylinder having a piston working therein together with a brake pedal and a clutch pedal comprised in the transmission for the vehicle, a member, a push rod carried by said member for coaction with the piston of the master cylinder, a pair of floating push rods carried by the member, the movement of said floating rods in one direction coasting with the member to move the member in a direction to impose push upon the piston, means for connecting one of said floating push rods to the brake pedal and means for operatively connecting the second floating push rod to the clutch pedal, the floating push rod operatively 4 7 connected with the clutch pedal being of a length less than the length of the other floating push rod to allow declutching movement of the clutch pedal before imposing push upon the piston, and means for regulating the extent of such independent movement of the floating push rod'operatively connected to the clutch pedal.

6, In combination with a vehicle having a hydraulic braking system including a master cylinder having a piston working therein together with a brake pedal and a clutch pedal comprised in the transmission for the vehicle, a member, a push rod carried by said member for coaction with the piston of the master cylinder, a pair of floating push rods carried by the member, the movement of saidfloating rods in one direction coacting with the member to move the member in a direction to impose push upon the piston, means for connecting one oi said floating push rods to the brake pedaland means for operatively connecting the second floating push rod to the clutch pedal, the floating push rod connected to the brake pedal being in alignment with the'push rod coacting with the piston.

7. In combination with the piston of the master cylinder of a hydraulic brake system for a vehicle together with the brake pedal and clutch'pedal comprised in the transmission mechanism for the vehicle, a member, an operative connection A between said member and the piston of the master cylinder, floating rods carried by the member, one of said rods being operatively connected to the brake pedal and the other of said rods being operatively connected with the clutch pedal, the

: movement of either of said pedals in one direction coacting with the member to move said memberin a direction to make the piston efiective, the member havinga separate cylinder for each of the floating push rods.

, 8. In combination with the piston of the master cylinder of a hydraulic brake system for a ve hicle together with the brake pedal and clutch pedal comprised in the transmission mechanism for the vehicle, a member, anvoperative connection between said member and the piston of the master cylinder, floating rods carried by the member, one of said rods being operatively connected to the brake pedal and the other of said rods-being operatively connected with the clutch pedal, the movement of either of said pedals in one direction coacting with the member to move being operatively connected to the brake pedal and the other of said rods being operatively connected to the clutch pedal, either of said pedals operating independently of the other to make the brake operating element" 'eifective without moving the second pedal. v p V 10. In combination with a vehicle having a hydraulic braking system including a master cyl-- inder having a pistonworking therein together by. the member, the movement of said floating rods in one direction coacting with the member to move the member in a direction to impose,

push upon the piston, and means for connecting one of said floating p ush rods tothe brake pedal and means'for operatively connecting thesecond floatingpush rod to the clutch pedal.

, 11. In combination with a vehicle having a hydraulic braking system including a master cylinder having a piston working therein together with a brake pedal anda clutch pedal comprised in the transmission for the vehicle, a member, a push rod carried by said member for coaction with the piston of the master cylinder, said push rod being endwise adjustable with respect to the member, means for locking said push rod in selected adjustment, and a pair of floating push rods carried by the member, the movement of said floating rods in one direction coacting with the member to move the member in a direction toimpose push upon the piston, and meansfor connecting one of said floating push rods to the brake pedal and means for operatively connecting the second floating push rod to the clutch pedal. i r

12. In combination with the piston of the master cylinder of a hydraulic brake system for a vehicle together with. the brake 'pedal andclutch pedal comprised in the transmission mechanism for the vehicle, a member, an operative;

connection between said member and the piston of the master cylinder, floating rods carried by the member, one of said rods being operatively connected to the brake pedal and the other of said rods being operatively connected with the clutch pedal, the movement of either I of said pedals in one direction coacting with the member to move said member in a direction to make 

